[Transformer Oil] What are the functions of transformer oil? What types of transformer oil are there?
Function of transformer oil
1. Insulating function:
Transformer oil has a much higher dielectric strength than air. The insulation is immersed in oil, which not only improves the insulation strength but also protects it from moisture attack.
2. Heat dissipation:
Transformer oil has a large specific heat and is often used as a coolant. The heat generated when the transformer is running causes the oil close to the iron core and windings to expand and rise. Through the up and down convection of the oil, the heat is dissipated through the radiator to ensure the normal operation of the transformer.
3. Arc-extinguishing effect:
In oil circuit breakers and on-load voltage regulating switches of transformers, arcs will be generated when the contacts are switched. Since the transformer oil has good thermal conductivity, it can separate a large amount of gas under the high temperature of the arc and generate a large pressure, thus improving the arc extinguishing performance of the medium and extinguishing the arc quickly.
What types of transformer oil are there?
my country’s transformer oil standard was formulated in the 1960s by imitating the former Soviet Union’s Gost standard (ΓΟСТ10121) and IEC296 standard. The products are graded according to their freezing points: There are three brands, namely 10#, 25# and 45# transformer oil. The freezing point test method itself also comes from the former Soviet Union’s test method Gost Standard (ΓΟСТ20287). Usually paraffin base oil is used to produce 10#, intermediate base oil is used to produce 25#, and naphthenic base oil is used to produce 25# and 45# transformer oil. When the freezing point of the transformer oil is not higher than -10℃ (revised in 1990 to pour point -7℃), it is 10# transformer oil; when the freezing point is not higher than -25℃ (revised in 1990 to pour point -22℃) , it is 25# transformer oil; when the freezing point is not higher than -45℃, it is 45# transformer oil.
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